OSX中VSCode C++编译调试环境搭建

那些找过的资料，花的时间，不想下一次再次重复，故记录下来。

说明

系统： OSX 10.13.6
VSCode: 1.28.0

插件

安装以下插件。版本号仅供参考。

C/C++ cpptools （0.20.1）
- C/C++ IntelliSense, debugging, and code browsing.
C/C++ Clang (0.2.3)
- Completion and Diagnostic for C/C++/Objective-C using Clang command.
Native Debug (0.22.0)
- C/C++ IntelliSense, debugging, and code browsing.
- 只安装上面两个时，提供的lldb-mi似乎有bug

配置

全局C/CPP配置。F1命令模式输入：C/Cpp: Edit Configurations 编辑文件，如下：

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{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Mac",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1",
                "/usr/include"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "macFrameworkPath": [
                "/System/Library/Frameworks",
                "/Library/Frameworks"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "/usr/bin/clang",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64", 
            "compileCommands:": "THE_CMAKE_COMPILE_COMMANDS.json"

        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

注意，以上includePath用于头文件查找跳转等，看具体情况可修改。其中compileCommands用于帮助VSCode在源码中各种合理跳转。可以由CMake在编译时添加参数CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS来生成对应的json文件，用实际路径替换它。

配置tasks.json。命令模式下，Tasks: Configure Task

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{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "c++",
            "command": "clang++",
            "type": "shell",
            "args": [
                "main.cpp", //这些就是编译时的一些参数。单文件编译可以用${file}
                // "${file}"
                "-std=c++11",
                "-g"
            ],
            "presentation": {
                "echo": true,
                "reveal": "always",
                "focus": false,
                "panel": "shared"
            }
        }
    ]
}

配置launch.json。这里使用lldb进行调试。

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{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "c/c++ Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/a.out",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/local/bin/lldb-mi",
            "MIMode": "lldb",
            "preLaunchTask": "c++",
        }
    ]
}

注意比默认配置添加了miDebuggerPath，原因是发现cpptools使用默认的lldb-mi（在~/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode.cpptools-0.20.1/debugAdapters/lldb/bin/下）对于vector等STL的大小一直显示0。对应版本如下：

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[~/.vscode/extensions/ms-vscode.cpptools-0.20.1/debugAdapters/lldb/bin]$ lldb-mi --version
Version: GNU gdb (GDB) 7.4
(This is a MI stub on top of LLDB and not GDB)
All rights reserved.

所以这是为什么安装第三个插件原因，安装后 ln -s /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/lldb-mi /usr/local/bin/lldb-mi 然后配置上述miDebuggerPath 编译及调试功能即OK。

说明

插件

配置

示例图

参考